Remote Areas Research Articles

Literature Review: The Relationship Between Technology Development, the Digital Era, and HRD In Indonesia's Underdeveloped Regions

This study aimed to find the relationship between technology development and human resource development in underdeveloped areas, especially in Indonesia. The effect of technological development in the digital era is really good, but there are fewer facilities in underdeveloped areas. This was a literature review study. The sources for this literature review were indexed journals and proceedings on Google Scholars from 2019 onwards. There was only one journal before 2019, which was in 2017. With low human resources and minimal access to the internet, human resources in remote areas are threatened with being left behind in facing the changing times brought by the digital era. This research was limited to a general overview of remote areas and their impacts on existing conditions in the digital era. This research can contribute to policy building by the government by giving some views about the condition of the digital era and its impact on human resource development. This research also showed the importance of human resource development in underdeveloped areas. This research can also be a reference for future research on human resource development, the digital era, and the underdeveloped regions in Indonesia. Keywords: human resource development, digital era, change, underdeveloped area, facility

Low-Cost, Open-Source, Experimental Setup Communication Platform for Emergencies, Based on SD-WAN Technology

The rapid advancement of communication technologies underscores the urgent need for robust and adaptable emergency communication systems (ECSs), particularly crucial during crises and natural disasters. Although network-based ECSs have been extensively studied, integrating open-source technologies, such as software-defined wide area networks (SD-WAN) with private long-term evolution (LTE) base stations, is a relatively unexplored domain. This study endeavors to fill this gap by introducing an experimental ECS platform that utilizes a hybrid network, incorporating a VoIP network to enhance open-source and on-premises communications in targeted areas. Our hypothesis posits that a hybrid network architecture, combining SD-WAN and private LTE, can substantially improve the reliability and efficiency of ECSs. Our findings, supported by the open-source OMNeT++ simulator, illuminate the enhanced communication reliability of the network. Moreover, the proposed platform, characterized by autonomous wireless 4G/LTE base stations and an Asterisk VoIP server, demonstrates improved quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE), with minimal data loss. This research not only has immediate practical applications but also bears significant implications for the development of cost-effective, open-source communication networks, optimized for emergencies, critical infrastructure, and remote areas.

An integrated low-cost automatic pipetting used in nucleic acid detection PCR instrument and clinical detection

Purpose This paper aims to introduce a custom-designed integrated nucleic acid detection polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument for clinical detection applications. Design/methodology/approach The PCR instrument can make rapid, sensitive, low-cost and quantitative molecular diagnosis compared with the current routine test flow from the pipette, series reagent to RT-PCR by manual manipulation. By integrating the multichannel automatic pipetting module, heat amplification module and real-time fluorescence detection module for the first time, the custom-designed integrated nucleic acid detection PCR instrument can achieve sample collection, subpackage, mixing, extracting, measuring and result presentation. Findings The multichannel automatic pipetting module was assembled with an accuracy of 0.4% (2 microliters) for accuracy measurement. Besides, the accuracy and sensitivity of nucleic acid using integrated low-cost nucleic acid detection PCR instruments were checked with COV-2019 virus (staining method) and African swine fever virus (probe method) under different concentrations. Practical implications Because of its high cost, complex system and bulky laboratory settings, including sample subpackage, mixing, extracting, measuring and finally result in presentation, the current nucleic acid detection system is not suitable for field operation and disease diagnosis in remote areas. The group independently designed and assembled an integrated low-cost multichannel nucleic acid detection PCR instrument, including a multichannel automatic pipetting module, a heat amplification module and a real-time fluorescence detection module. Originality/value The above equipment showed better reliability compared with commercial qPCR. These results can lay the foundation for functional, fast and low-cost PCR equipment for trace measurements.

Highly integrable planar-structured printed circularly polarized antenna for emerging wideband internet of things applications in the millimeter-wave band

This paper proposes a numerically and experimentally validated printed wideband antenna with a planar geometry for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This design tackles the challenges associated with deploying IoT sensors in remote areas or across extensive geographical regions. The proposed design exploits a coplanar-waveguide-fed modified microstrip line monopole for excitation of circularly polarized waves radiating in the broadside direction. The primary design is based on perturbations of the microstrip line protracted from a grounded coplanar waveguide. The capacitively coupled short rectangular stubs are periodically inserted alternately and excited asymmetrically on each side of the microstrip line parallel to the direction of the electric field vector. The sequential phase excitation of the periodic stubs generates a rectangular-cascaded electric field, which suppresses the stop band at the open end. As a result, the antenna radiates in the broadside direction. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna exceeds 8 GHz in the 28 GHz mm-wave band, i.e., it ranged from 25 to 33.5 GHz. Additionally, an axial ratio below 3 dB is achieved within the operating band from 26 to 33.5 GHz with the alterations of the surface current using straightforward topological adjustments of the physical parameters. The average in-band realized gain of the antenna is 10 dBic when measured in the broadside direction. These results indicate that the proposed design has the potential to improve the connectivity between IoT devices and the constantly varying orientation of satellites by mitigating the polarization mismatch.

Potential Spatial Accessibility to Cardiovascular Hospitals in Romania

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the leading cause of death globally. Romania recorded the highest mortality rate due to CVDs in the EU in 2022, with 162,984 deaths, while the number of registered patients with CVDs surpassed 4 million. This study aims to measure the population’s potential spatial accessibility to cardiovascular hospitals in Romania, as timely access to such healthcare facilities is crucial to minimise avoidable mortality due to CVDs. Although distance is an essential parameter of spatial accessibility, time-based analysis is more reflective of real-world scenarios due to the unpredictability of travel. The potential spatial accessibility was measured using the Application Program Interface (API) offered through the Google Maps platform and a personal car as the transportation mode. The country’s cardiovascular hospital network comprises 161 units, of which 84 can provide complex care. Because all of them are located in urban areas, three different time slots were considered to distinguish between high and low traffic congestion situations. We created hierarchies of ten-minute and five km intervals for travel time and distance, respectively, to emphasize the population percentages with better or low potential spatial accessibility. Results showed that only 15% of the population can reach the nearest cardiovascular hospital in less than 20 min, and 23% must travel for over 60 min, while 45.7% live farther than 20 km from a cardiovascular hospital. Inhabitants living in remote areas, especially rural ones, are the most vulnerable, having to travel for the longest time and distance. Actions like improving the existing transport infrastructure and upgrading healthcare facilities and equipment are needed to ensure better medical care and an adequate response to population needs. This study can support local authorities in optimising spatial accessibility to cardiovascular care by identifying the most burdened hospitals in the context of low medical specialised staff and large catchment areas.

Effects of the motor cortical theta‐burst transcranial‐focused ultrasound stimulation on the contralateral motor cortex

AbstractTheta‐burst transcranial ultrasound stimulation (tbTUS) increases primary motor cortex (M1) excitability for at least 30 min. However, the remote effects of focal M1 tbTUS on the excitability of other cortical areas are unknown. Here, we examined the effects of left M1 tbTUS on right M1 excitability. An 80 s train of active or sham tbTUS was delivered to the left M1 in 20 healthy subjects. Before and after the tbTUS, we measured: (1) corticospinal excitability using motor‐evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes from single‐pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of left and right M1; (2) interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) from left to right M1 and from right to left M1 using a dual‐site paired‐pulse TMS paradigm; and (3) intracortical circuits of the right M1 with short‐interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation (ICF) using paired‐pulse TMS. Left M1 tbTUS decreased right M1 excitability as shown by decreased MEP amplitudes, increased right M1 ICF and decreased short‐interval IHI from left to right hemisphere at interstimulus interval (ISI) of 10 ms but not long‐interval IHI at interstimulus interval of 40 ms. The study showed that left M1 tbTUS can change the excitability of remote cortical areas with decreased right M1 excitability and interhemispheric inhibition. The remote effects of tbTUS should be considered when it is used in neuroscience research and as a potential neuromodulation treatment for brain disorders. imageKey points Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a novel non‐invasive brain stimulation technique for neuromodulation with the advantages of being able to achieve high spatial resolution and target deep brain structures. A repetitive TUS protocol, with an 80 s train of theta burst patterned TUS (tbTUS), has been shown to increase primary motor cortex (M1) excitability, as well as increase alpha and beta movement‐related spectral power in distinct brain regions. In this study, we examined on the effects of the motor cortical tbTUS on the excitability of contralateral M1 measured with MEPs elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation. We showed that left M1 tbTUS decreased right M1 excitability and left‐to‐right M1 interhemispheric inhibition, and increased intracortical facilitation of right M1. These results lead to better understand the effects of tbTUS and can help the development of tbTUS for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders and in neuroscience research.

EVALUATION OF THE HEALING MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM

INTRODUCTION & AIMS The HEALTMing Mental Health (HEALTM-MH) program was a free community-based program offered by Exercise & Sport Science Australia, supported by the Australian Sports Commission, Sport Australia Participation Grants program. HEALTM-MH was targeted at Australians living with mental health conditions in rural or remote areas. Our aim is to present an evaluation of the program effectiveness. METHODS The standard program included one-hour of supervised group exercise per week and a one-hour lifestyle education session for 8-weeks. All outcome data, including The Stages of Behaviour Change, were collected by the site facilitators and was provided in an anonymised format for analysis and reporting. Participants were included in the analysis if they had completed more than 50% of the sessions. RESULTS A total of 182 participants were recruited which included 117 who were enrolled in the adult mental health program, 32 in the standard adult program and 33 in a teen mental health program. All programs were delivered between May and October 2022 by trained HEALTM providers, with 18 sites having AEPs leading the program, and one site was led by a registered nurse. Included in analysis were 99 participants (31 males, 68 females) with a mean age of 59.5 years. There was a statistically significant change toward the desired outcome for fourteen of fifteen measures from pre- to post-testing. Twelve of these measures recorded the desired target change at the population (grouped) level. CONCLUSION The targeted behaviour change was for a one stage shift which was achieved with most participants in the action or maintenance stage by the end of the program. The provision of the HEALTM-MH program was beneficial for those who attended more than 50% of the sessions. The program may increase physical activity and healthy lifestyle choices in individuals who selfreport a mental health disorder.

The relic and reliquary of St. John the Baptist in Siena (Italy) and their gems

Gems, especially from remote areas, were highly demanded and valued in Byzantine times, often used for sacred Imperial purposes. Because of their imperishable nature, they were often re-used over time and many of them passed, one way or another, from East to Western Europe. The history of the gems set in Byzantine relics that survived in medieval Europe is often impossible to reconstruct. The exceptional opening of the relics of St. John the Baptist in Siena, 200 years after the last inspection, has made it possible to study the magnificent gems that adorn it. Spinels, rubies, sapphires and other gems from oriental geographies, along with high quality glasses used together regardless of their monetary value, were identified in the relic and its reliquary case through gemological analysis and portable Raman spectroscopy, once again demonstrating the vital contribution of the trans-disciplinary approach in the study of ancient art goldworkings.

Optimizing Solar Evaporation Efficiency: Integrating Controllable Water Supply and Efficient Salt Collection Methods

Solar desalination presents a promising solution for providing high-purity fresh water in regions lacking sophisticated energy infrastructure. Specifically, the efficiency of solar-energy driven interfacial evaporation relies on achieving a balance between supplied solar energy and the energy demand for evaporation through water supply management. Another significant challenge for practical application is salt crystallization on the photoabsorber surface. To address these issues, two strategies are proposed: I) Construction of a 3D solar evaporator that achieves a balance between supplied energy and the heat energy required for interfacial evaporation (demand energy) by optimizing the height of the support structure. II) Implementation of a tunable 2D water supply path made of cotton. This not only facilitates optimal water supply for interfacial evaporation but also functions as a salt collection layer, enabling efficient salt collection post-desalination. With the specific design of the proposed 3D solar evaporator, our device achieves a remarkable efficiency approaching its performance limit (94%) with an evaporation rate of 2.30 kg m-2 h-1, along with efficient salt collection and scalability. This work presents a novel approach for fabricating a cost-effective solar evaporator capable of consistently delivering affordable fresh water in remote areas.

A critical evaluation of DC microgrid implementation in Indonesia: opportunities and challenges

This study thoroughly investigates the potential of direct current (DC) microgrids to enhance electricity access in rural and remote areas of Indonesia that continue to face significant obstacles despite ongoing national electrification efforts. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research comprehensively evaluates socio-economic and technical factors that influence the adoption of DC microgrids. The results indicate that DC microgrids offer significant potential for enhancing energy access, reliability, and sustainability, particularly when combined with renewable energy sources. This aligns with Indonesia’s move towards renewable energy. Nevertheless, the analysis identifies significant obstacles, such as the substantial initial investment, the requirement for complete regulatory frameworks, and the technological complexities that need to be conquered. In conclusion, DC microgrids present a promising solution for rural electrification. However, the implementation requires a strategy that emphasizes strategic investments, policy innovation, and capacity-building initiatives. This research significantly contributes to the study of sustainable energy by evaluating the criticality of integrating policies and technology for implementing DC microgrids as a key factor in achieving sustainable energy access in Indonesia.

Wireless Patient Monitoring System with LoRa Communication for Remote Healthcare

This study presents a novel approach to remote healthcare through a wireless patient monitoring system using LoRa communication. The system consists of two main parts: a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter collects vital health data, such as body temperature, SpO2, accelerometer and gyroscope measurements, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, air quality and heart rate. This information will be transmitted wirelessly using LoRa technology to the receiver section, which will transmit the data to the IoT cloud server. In addition, the receiver section is equipped with a GSM module to send an SMS alert in the event of abnormal health parameters. The aim of this system is to provide real-time monitoring of patients in remote areas, enabling timely interventions and improving accessibility to healthcare. The efficiency and reliability of the system make it a promising solution for remote patient monitoring in challenging environments.

Design and Development of IoT based Health Monitoring System

Abstract: With prospects for developing technology, patient health monitoring is a significant and quickly expanding topic nowadays. Various designs for patient healthcare monitoring systems have been developed by numerous researchers in accordance with technological advancements. The devices in the suggested business plan, which include web-based sensors and mobile applications, communicate over a network to improve the efficiency of the system designed to record and monitor patient health information. In order to precisely analyze a patient's health status, a health system comprising sensors and monitoring devices has been built. These devices are able to collect medical data from patients and then send alarms via GSM module to specialized doctors. In order to gather health-related data, this project will connect patients via the Internet to an appropriate monitoring system that will improve medication care for both local patients and patients who live in remote areas without hospitals nearby. The devices will be able to record the patient's temperature, heart rate, and the oxygen levels in their blood.

Smart Helmet

Abstract: The smart helmet is a unique concept that makes motorcycles safer than ever. This is a way to start and stop the car without wearing a helmet. Moreover, one of its great features is that it can quickly report the location of the bike to a specific person before an accident occurs and after the accident, with the help of GPS and GSM based tracking. Ambulance can easily reach the scene. We want to use the sensor in the helmet vibration sensor. Traffic in India is so abundant and dense that it can take time to travel even a few kilometers, which can be inconvenient for cyclists. Additionally, if you answer the phone while driving, accidents may occur. Even in remote areas, it can be very difficult to find the person who caused the accident. We have created a helmet with the best solutions to solve existing problems. The helmet is equipped with Bluetooth 5.0 headphones. We can easily get through calls and continue talking without removing the helmet. By sending a rescue notification to the desired number, it helps to deliver medicine to the victim quickly. In other emergencies such as bullying, theft, or violence, the emergency notification system can be used to request help from police or family members. These situations led us to create a smart helmet that uses the Internet of Things to reduce the risk of accidents and deaths.

Design and Construct of a Portable Solar Mobile Charger

Abstract: The state of incessant power failure accompanied with the increase in pump price of petroleum in India, solar energy becomes the most sought after energy source. Solar chargers are simple, portable and ready to use devices which can be used by anyone especially in remote areas. Going solar can solve the problems of dependence on fuels and the prevalent energy crisis. This project aims to make a portable solar charger which can be used on the go. A portable solar mobile phone charger is simply a power electronic device that converts solar radiation into electrical current for the purpose of charging the batteries of mobile phones. This charger is made by converting, controlling and conditioning the flow of electrical energy from source to load according to the requirements. of the load; this technology is called power electronics. An external adjustable voltage regulator is used to obtain the desired constant voltage. A zener diode switches on to ensure charging is cut off at the saturation point. Two 3.7V lithium ion batteries are used as backup; an operational amplifier works here as a comparator to signify when backup is fully charged. Ultimately, 11V and 160mA is supplied by the panel under full sunlight. This charger has an output voltage of 5V and an average of 800mA current to charge a mobile phone, this system charges a phone fully between 4-5hours and it has a capacity of 4800mAh. This device charges all mobile phones by all manufacturers using a universal serial bus connector. It is the only viable solution to charging mobile phones as it is portable, light-weight and does not cause pollution

LoRa-Powered IoT Messaging System for Internet-Free Communication

Abstract: This paper describes a novel message system that makes use of LoRa technology and the ESP32 IoT chip to deliver dependable communication in places with spotty internet access. The ESP32 module is integrated into the system architecture as an access point, and WebSocket protocol is used to enable messaging services. As a key center for communication, the ESP32- based access point facilitates flawless message exchanges between users. The key innovation lies in its incorporation of the LoRa RA-02 module, which enables RF-based communication among devices. The messaging system guarantees connectivity even in remote locations or areas with inadequate internet infrastructure by utilizing LoRa technology. This capability is especially helpful in situations when regular internet connectivity is unavailable or inconsistent, including in low-resource contexts, rural populations, or areas affected by disasters. Because of the messaging system's easy-to-use and accessible architecture, users can communicate without an internet connection. This lessens the need for internet connections and lowers related expenses, improving communication accessibility and affordability for marginalized communities.

Design and Fabrication of Wind Turbine Utilization for Water Pumping and Power Generation

bstract: Windmills have been a symbol of sustainable energy for centuries, and their relevance continues to grow in the modern era. This abstract explores the dual functionality of windmills for both pumping and power generation. Windmills have evolved from their traditional agricultural use to become versatile renewable energy sources, capable of harnessing wind energy for various applications. For pumping, windmills are employed to lift water from wells or reservoirs, providing a reliable source of water for irrigation and domestic use, especially in remote or off-grid areas. Their mechanical design, often featuring rotating blades, efficiently converts wind energy into rotational motion, driving a pump mechanism. In the realm of power generation, windmills are pivotal in the transition to cleaner energy sources. Modern wind turbines are designed with advanced aerodynamics and materials, enabling them to capture substantial kinetic energy from the wind. This energy is then transformed into electrical power through generators. Wind farms, comprised of multiple turbines, contribute significantly to electricity grids, reducing carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. This abstract underscores the dual role of windmills as sustainable solutions for pumping and power generation, emphasizing their versatility and contribution to a greener future.

High prevalence of diabetes among young First Nations Peoples with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a population-based study in Australia

BackgroundLiver disease is an important contributor to the mortality gap between First Nations Peoples and non-Indigenous Australian adults. Despite a high burden of metabolic comorbidities among First Nations Peoples, data about the epidemiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in this population is scarce.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all adults hospitalized with MASLD or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with/without cirrhosis during 2007–2019 in the state of Queensland was performed. Patients were followed from the first admission with MASLD/MASH (identified based on validated algorithms) to decompensated cirrhosis and overall mortality. We explored differences according to Indigenous status using Multivariable Cox regression.Findings439 First Nations Peoples and 7,547 non-Indigenous Australians were followed for a median of 4.6 years (interquartile range 2.7–7.2). Overall, women were overrepresented, but more so in the First Nations cohort (72.7% vs. 57.0%, p < 0.001). First Nations patients were younger, a higher proportion lived in remote and socioeconomic disadvantaged areas, and had higher comorbidity compared to non-Indigenous Australians (all p < 0.001). Diabetes, the most common comorbidity affecting both groups, was overrepresented in First Nations Peoples versus non-Indigenous Australians (43.5% vs. 30.8%, p < 0.001, respectively). Nineteen (4.3%) First Nations Peoples and 332 (4.4%) of non-Indigenous patients progressed to cirrhosis decompensation (9.0% [95%CI 4.5–17.7] vs. 7.7% [95%CI 6.6–8.9; p = 0.956] respectively within 10 years). In multivariable analysis, there was no association between Indigenous status and progression to decompensated cirrhosis (p = 0.759) and survival (p = 0.437).ConclusionsThis study provides the first population-based epidemiological data on MASLD in First Nations Australians. The high prevalence of diabetes (that is associated with advanced fibrosis and liver disease mortality) among young First Nations Peoples with MASLD raises concern about future risk of progressive liver disease in this patient population. These data highlight the importance of early identification of MASLD, and providing culturally appropriate intervention to reduce disease progression in parallel with the management of cardiometabolic comorbidities.

Interpreting regional characteristics of Tibetan-Qiang houses in Northwestern Sichuan by Deep Learning and Image Landscape

This paper presents a framework for interpreting regional features of houses in the Tibetan-Qiang region by Deep Learning (DL) and Image Landscape (IL), which learns the typical features from online building photos in different subordinate areas of the whole region through a set of datasets and DL models. The contribution of this framework is taking online building images as a proxy of rural building characteristics, which significantly improves the scope and efficiency of related built heritage studies and accurately reveals the representative features of houses in remote rural areas. The results are validated by established studies, and the framework can be transferred to other regions through the provided path and openly published datasets.

Super-specialty Medical Teleconsultations to Remote Areas of Ladakh, India via E-Sanjeevani under Hub-and-Spoke Model: A Pilot Study

Objectives: To assess the feasibility, spectrum, outcomes and challenges of delivering super-specialty consultations to remote areas of the Union Territory (UT) of Ladakh through telemedicine. Design: Prospective, observational (descriptive), pilot study Methodology: Super-specialty medical teleconsultations were provided to healthcare providers in UT Ladakh by specialists in the Department of Telemedicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh from October 2021 to May 2022, employing the hub-and-spoke model of the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission. Doctor-to-doctor teleconsultations were initiated by treating doctors at healthcare facilities in UT Ladakh on the eSanjeevani™ platform. Audio-video model was used for teleconsultation and digitally signed prescriptions were shared. Setting: India – Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh (hub) and healthcare providers in UT Ladakh (spokes) Participants: Healthcare providers in UT Ladakh and specialists in the Department of Telemedicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh Interventions: Super-specialty medical consultations using telemedicine (eSanjeevani™ platform) Main Outcome Measures: Demand and spectrum of superspecialty teleconsultations, outcome of consults (whether managed successfully at teleconsultation level, or required referral for in-person visits), and technical challenges faced. Results: A total of 26 super-specialty teleconsultations were provided; 14 (54%) were for women. Patient distribution was uniform across all age groups. The super-specialty-wise distribution of consultations was - 9 from endocrinology, 9 from neurology, 3 from hepatology, 2 from cardiology, and 3 from neonatology. Reasons for seeking consultation were assistance in diagnosis (3, 12%), optimization of therapy (10, 38%), or both diagnostic evaluation and treatment optimization (13, 50%). Five cases (19%) were referred for physical visits to a higher center for advanced diagnostic testing like liver biopsy, brain biopsy, upper GI endoscopy, etc.; other cases were managed remotely. Problems with audio-visual connectivity were encountered in three patients. Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates that complex, super-specialty medical consultations can be effectively delivered to remote areas through telemedicine. Future research should focus on assessing long-term outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness to better evaluate the impact of this model.

Emergency Communication System for Hills and Forest Region Using IOT

This project presents an innovative approach to establishing robust communication systems in remote areas devoid of traditional network infrastructure. By harnessing the power of IoT and LoRa technology, the project proposes a Long Distance Communication System that not only facilitates connectivity but also supports critical emergency evacuation procedures. The cornerstone of this system is the LoRa Mesh Library, which enables a decentralized network topology, ensuring seamless communication even in the most challenging environments via ad hoc network. The project further explores QoS routing and traffic scheduling within 802.11 wireless mesh networks to guarantee consistent and quality communication links over long distances. Additionally, it integrates Secure IT, a security framework utilizing Firebase, Google Map, and Node.js, to provide real-time location-based alerts, enhancing the safety of individuals in emergency situations.Thisabstractencapsulatestheproject’smultifacetedapproach to overcoming the limitations of current communication infrastructures, offering a scalable, secure, and efficient solution that has the potential to revolutionize connectivity in isolated regions worldwide.